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What Are Claiming Races in Horse Racing? A Comprehensive Guide

Last updated: July 3, 2025

By: Miles HenryFact Checked

Claiming races are the foundation of horse racing’s competitive and financial structure, offering racehorse ownership opportunities, maintaining balanced competition, and fueling the sport’s economic flow. They drive over 50% of U.S. races at tracks like Santa Anita, Churchill Downs, and Aqueduct, powering the American racing economy.

With over 25 years of experience as a racehorse owner and trainer, I’ve participated in countless claiming races—some highly successful, others valuable learning experiences. My firsthand knowledge and insights from industry leaders make this guide an invaluable resource on claiming races.

In This Guide, You’ll Learn:

✔ How claiming races work, step by step
✔ Lesser-known strategies for evaluating claim-worthy horses
✔ Common misconceptions (and the truth behind them)
✔ How claiming races impact horse racing’s economy
✔ Real-world lessons from my claiming race experiences

By the end, you’ll be equipped to make smarter, more confident decisions in claiming races.

Horse crossing the finish line to win $10,000 claiming race at Fairgrounds Race Course.
A $10,000 claiming race winner crossing the finish line at Fairgrounds Race Course.

What Is a Claiming Race in Horse Racing?

A claiming race is a race where every entered horse is available for purchase (“claimed”) at a fixed price before the race begins. The goal is to balance competition by ensuring horses race against those of similar ability.

📌 Why Claiming Races Matter
Ensure Competitive Balance – Stops top-tier horses from dominating lower-level races.
Provide Buying Opportunities – Owners can acquire race-ready horses without waiting for young prospects to develop.
Support Small Stables – Trainers and owners use claiming races to refresh their rosters affordably.
Fuel the Horse Racing Economy – Claiming races account for over 50% of all U.S. races, generating millions in purse money and horse transactions yearly.

🔗 Industry Data: National Thoroughbred Racing Association (NTRA)

Beyond their financial impact, claiming races often serve as stepping stones for horses moving up the class ladder. Many eventual stakes winners started their careers in claiming races before developing into stronger competitors under new trainers.

Horses competing in a close finish during $20,000 claiming race at Santa Anita Park.
Close finish in a competitive $20,000 claiming race at Santa Anita Park.

Claiming Race Process: How It Works Step by Step

1. Submitting a Claim

✔ Must be filed 15-20 minutes before post time at the racing office.
✔ The claim slip includes:
✅ The horse’s name
✅ The claiming price
✅ The new trainer’s name
📌 Claims are binding, but in most U.S. jurisdictions under HISA, a claim is voided if the horse suffers a serious injury during or just after the race (e.g., is vanned off or placed on the veterinarian’s list for lameness). See HISA Rule 2262.
💡 Personal Experience: I once claimed a promising filly in a $7,500 claiming race. She stumbled at the start, finished last, and later needed expensive vet care. Lesson learned: Always inspect the horse pre-race if possible.
🔗 Related Guide: How To Evaluate Horses In Claiming Races: Tips For Buyers

2. What Happens When Multiple People Submit a Claim? (Shake)

When multiple buyers submit a claim for the same horse, a shake occurs. Racing stewards conduct a random draw (usually using numbered pills or dice) to determine the new owner.

📌 At tracks like Santa Anita & Gulfstream Park, 5-10 claims per horse are common, making shakes a regular event in competitive claiming races.

3. Ownership Transfer & Prize Money

✔ The new owner takes possession immediately after the race.
✔ The previous owner keeps any prize money earned in that race.
✔ The horse races under the original trainer’s silks for that race but moves barns afterward.

🔗 Source: Equibase – Official Claiming Race Results

Mindy, a promising filly, preparing for $10,000 claiming race.
Mindy, a filly I evaluated and entered in a $10,000 claiming race, showcasing the strategy behind selecting claim-worthy horses.

How Claiming Races Compare to Other Race Types

Race TypeDescriptionKey Characteristics
Claiming RaceHorses are available for purchase at a set price.Ensures competition balance; frequent transactions.
Maiden ClaimingFor horses that have never won a race.Affordable entry-level races for young/unproven horses.
Allowance RaceHigher purses without horses being eligible for a claim.Competitive step between claiming and stakes races.
Stakes RaceThe highest-level races featuring elite horses.Large purses; no claiming allowed.

📌 Misconception: Many assume claiming races are for low-quality horses, but champions like Seabiscuit started in claiming races.

🔗 Related Story: How Seabiscuit Rose from Claiming Races to Stardom

Seabiscuit with his trainer after winning $2,500 claiming race.
Seabiscuit with his trainer, following his $2,500 claiming race.

Claiming Race Classes Explained: Understanding Restrictions

Not all $5,000 claiming races (or any price level) are equal. Restrictions on race conditions significantly affect competitiveness and horse eligibility.

Clm5000 Open – Any horse can enter, regardless of past wins.
Clm5000n2L – Only horses who haven’t won two races in their lifetime can enter.
Clm5000n3L – Only horses who haven’t won three races in their lifetime can enter.
Clm5000n2y – Only horses who haven’t won twice in the last year (12 months) can enter. (Some tracks use 6-month conditions, but “n2y” typically refers to a year.)
Clm5000n1y – Only horses who haven’t won a race in the last year (12 months) can enter.
Clm5000n2x – Only horses who haven’t won two races at this specific level (claiming price or lower) can enter.
Mdn5000 – Only horses that have never won a race (maidens) can enter.

🔗 Source: TwinSpires Guide to Claiming Races

📌 Strategy Insight: A horse dropping from Clm5000 Open to Clm5000n3L faces a much bigger class drop than one moving from Clm5000n2y to Clm5000n1y, where competition can still be strong.

Horses racing in a claiming event at New Orleans Fairgrounds.
Horses racing in a claiming event at New Orleans Fairgrounds.

Hidden Risks & Strategies for Success

Risks for Buyers

Hidden Injuries – Some horses carry undiagnosed issues that surface after the claim.
Wrong Racing Fit – A claimed horse may not thrive under a new trainer’s program.

📌 Personal Lesson: I once claimed a horse based on workout times rather than appearance—only to find out post-race that it had lingering leg soreness. Lesson learned: Always inspect in person when possible.

Risks for Sellers

Losing a Developing Horse – A horse might improve dramatically after being claimed.
Reputation Risks – Overusing claiming races can signal a trainer frequently offloads underperforming horses.

🔗 Related Guide: How to Avoid a Bad Claim in Horse Racing

Horses approaching the finish line in a claiming race.
Horses approaching the finish line in a claiming race.

Watch this insightful video explainer to understand the basics of claiming races and the strategic decisions involved:

YouTube video

Optional and Waiver Claiming Races

Optional claiming races let horses meeting allowance conditions (e.g., non-winners of three races other than maiden or claiming) run without a claiming tag, reducing risk for owners. Waiver claiming, common at tracks like Aqueduct, allows new owners to enter horses without immediate claiming risk post-purchase. These variations add strategic depth to claiming races (West Point Thoroughbreds).

FAQs on Claiming Races: Common Questions Answered

If you’re new to claiming races, having questions is natural. Here are some quick answers to help you understand the basics.

Who can participate in claiming races?

Licensed owners, trainers, and authorized buyers can enter or claim horses. A racing license is required. Pennsylvania Racing Commission (§ 303.6. Licensing requirements for owners

What happens if a horse is claimed before a race but gets injured?

In most modern U.S. racing jurisdictions, if a horse is claimed before a race but gets injured during or just after the race, the claim is voided and the original owner keeps the horse. See HISA Rule 2262

Why do trainers enter good horses in claiming races?

Trainers use claiming races to match competition, cash in on peak value, or manage stable size, not just to offload declining horses.

How does a “shake” work in claiming races?

When multiple buyers submit claims for the same horse, a random draw (shake) determines the new owner. Racing stewards use numbered pills or another method to ensure fairness.

Can a claimed horse race under a new trainer immediately?

Yes, but the horse must complete the claiming race under its previous trainer’s silks. Once the race is over, the new trainer takes possession.

What are optional claiming races?

Horses meeting allowance conditions (e.g., non-winners of three races) can run without a claiming tag, offering owners flexibility.

How do claiming races affect betting?

Bettors often target horses dropping in class (e.g., from Clm5000 Open to Clm5000n2L) for value, but hidden injuries can skew odds (TwinSpires).

What are the risks of claiming a horse?

Buyers risk hidden injuries or poor fit with a new trainer, while sellers may lose a developing horse or face reputation risks if frequently claiming (Equibase)

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Filly claimed in a $5,000 claiming race and placed second in her next start.
This filly I claimed in a $5,000 race, and later, she became a consistent performer.

Final Thoughts: Should You Get Involved in Claiming Races?

✔ Claiming races offer an affordable way to own competitive racehorses.
✔ They provide buying & selling opportunities but require careful evaluation.
✔ Understanding race restrictions is key to making informed decisions.

Next Steps: Get Exclusive Insights & Join the Conversation

  • 📩 Subscribe for Insider Tips – Get strategies, real-world success stories, and a free Horse Buyers Checklist.
  • 📞 Ask the Experts – Have questions? Reach out to mileshenry@horseracingsense.com.
  • 💬 Join the Discussion – Share your experiences in the comments below!
  • 📢 Spread the Word – Found this guide helpful? Share it with fellow racing enthusiasts!

Claiming races can be a smart strategy or a costly mistake. With the right insights, you can navigate them successfully. If you’ve ever been part of a claiming race, share your experience below!

Winning a claiming race at Fairgrounds Race Course in New Orleans.
Winning a claiming race at Fairgrounds Race Course in New Orleans.

Miles Henry

About the Author: Miles Henry

Miles Henry is a lifelong horseman with over 25 years of experience owning and training Thoroughbred racehorses. He shares expert insights from his personal experiences growing up with horses, including Quarter Horses and Appaloosas, and currently owns seven Thoroughbreds in training.

Learn more about Miles Henry